The submitted article is the part of a complex historical-linguistic study of the Latin grammar by H. Megiser "Institutiones linguae Turcicae libri quatuor" (1612). Being one of the most important sources of Turkic linguistic formation, this work has not been the subject of a special study yet, since it is written in Latin and considered as bibliographic rarity. Work on the translation is accompanied by an analysis of the text material, which will provide additional facts to scientists working in the field of philology, history and religious studies. This Grammar book in certain extent is an encyclopedic philological work, because it consists of several different sections: the grammar of the Turkic language, the textbook that contains religious texts and proverbs and the dictionary. These genres of the language material such as everyday speech and folk art correspond to the traditional content of Latin Grammar books for foreign-speaking people, written in this period.
The article raises the problem of the interrelation of grammatical categories in different languages (Turkic, Latin, German), the author’s adaptations of the grammatical theory based on classical European languages to Turkic material. The direct object of the study of this article is a category of verb. Here common features of this category are highlighted (person, number, tense, mood, voice), the peculiarities of grammatical functions are analyzed and specific features inherent in the Turkic material are identified. Grammatical category of voice of the Turkic language is described by the author in a rather detailed way, although in its volume and meaning it is very different from European traditions, missing in the Latin language. The meaning of voice is reported by applying the method of description. By analogy with the Latin language, Megiser highlights the category of tense in the conditional and imperative moods, missing in the Turkic language. Indicative mood is considered broadly by the author, including periphrasis and modal forms in addition to traditional temporary indicators. In Grammar book there are cases of misinterpretation of certain facts mainly, mixing phonetic and grammatical phenomena. Depending on the basis of the hard and soft version of the indicators of the infinitive (-mak /-mek), Megiser distinguishes two conjugations in the Turkic language. Relevance of the article is connected with the fact that the Turkic science replenishes with new linguistic source. Analysis and systematization of the grammatical material of the work by Hieronymus Megiser allow to trace the history of the formation of the grammatical theory and morphological rules of the Turkic languages and to consider the methods of transmission of cross-language material.