General self-efficacy (GSE) encourages health promoting behaviour and is useful construct from positive psychology used also in patient´s education. Unfortunately, there is currently limited evidence on GSE among elderly in Slovakia. This study aims to explore GSE and its determinants among community dwelling elderly and elderly residing in nursing homes with focus on examining the gender, age and „living situation” differences of GSE. Methods: Data were collected by Slovak version of General Self-efficacy Scale (Schwarzer, Jerusalem,1981) from the Survey of Fear of falling among community dwelling elderly. Non-parametric tests were used to explore relation between GSE and gender, age, activity of daily living, living situation and mobility. Results: The participants older than 75 years had GSE score significantly lower than younger older adults (26.6 ± 8.1 vs. 23.7 ± 6.3; p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between elderly living in community and nursing home residents (21.1 ± 5.7 vs. 27.2 ± 7.4; p < 0.001). Age, need for constant health/social care and fear of falling were shown as significant determinants of GSE. Conclusion: More attention should be paid for the poor GSE of elderly above 75 years and nursing home residents e.g. when applied for patient´s education. Results of first pilot study of GSE among elderly in Slovakia sounds with results of previously published research. Further research is recommended that focuses on the GSE of older adults and more health-related variables and outcomes.